Japanese ver.
Radiopaedia（PA）
Radiopaedia（RAO/LAO）
Purpose
PA : To observe both sternoclavicular joints.
RAO/LAO : To observe one side of the sternoclavicular joint.
Prior confirmation
Confirm which side is affected.
Remove any obstructing objects.
Positioning
Erect (or supine).
Align the mid-sagittal plane perpendicular to the cassette.
Align the jugular notch (4 fingerbreadths below the vertebral prominence) with the center of the cassette.
RAO/LAO : Tilt the mid-sagittal plane 40° towards the side closer to the cassette to visualize the sternoclavicular joint on that side. Tilt it 15° to visualize the sternoclavicular joint on the side away from the cassette.
Relax and lower both arms.
Apply RL markers.
CR, distance, field size
CR :
PA : Sternum notch as the exit point with perpendicular projection.
RAO/LAO : Affected side sternoclavicular joint as the exit point with perpendicular projection.
Distance : 100cm.
Field size :
PA : Include the proximal 1/3 of both clavicles.
RAO/LAO : Approximately 15x15cm field size, centered on the sternoclavicular joint.
Exposure condition
70kV / 16mAs
Gird ( + )
Full expiration
Image, check-point
PA view (Radiopaedia)
Oblique view (Radiopaedia)
The affected side’s sternoclavicular joint space should be clearly visible.
The radiation field should be adequately collimated.
In PA imaging, the spinous process should be projected at the center of the vertebral body, and both sides should be symmetrical.
In RAO/LAO imaging, there should be no overlap of the thoracic spine with the affected side’s sternoclavicular joint.
There should be no motion blur.
The RL marker should be visible.
The normal sternoclavicular joint space is typically 3-5mm.
Videos
Related materials
Method of X-ray oblique projection.
